Table 3 Summary of article characteristics (study type & design, focal regions for data collection, study funding, and author COI)
Types & Designs | COI Policy Surveys 34/81 (42.0%) | |
Meta-research (cross-sectional) | 29/34 (85.3%) | |
Content analysis of policy documents | 2/34 (6%) | |
Survey | 1/34 (3%) | |
Interview | 1/34 (3%) | |
Content analysis | 1/34 (3%) | |
Assessments of Compliance with Funding/COI Disclosure Policies 19/81 (23.5%) | ||
Meta-research (cross-sectional) | 18/19 (94.7%) | |
Survey | 1/19 (5.3%) | |
COI Disclosure Concordance Assessments 16/81 (19.8%) | ||
Meta-research (cross-sectional) | 12/16 (75%) | |
Meta-research (longitudinal) | 5/16 (31.3%) | |
Policy Effects 16/81 (19.8%) | ||
Opinion survey | 4/16 (25%) | |
Controlled experiments (Including RCTs) | 3/16 (18.75%) | |
Meta-research (cross-sectional) | 3/16 (18.75%) | |
Case–control | 2/16 (12.5%) | |
Case study | 2/16 (12.5%) | |
Systematic reviews | 1/16 (6.3%) | |
Legal analysis | 1/16 (6.3%) | |
Policy Perception and Contexts 9/81 (11.1%) | ||
Legal analysis | 2/9 (22.2%) | |
Interview | 3/9 (33.3%) | |
Opinion survey | 2/9 (22.2%) | |
Ethnographic methods | 2/9 (22.2%) | |
Cohort study | 1/13 (7.7%) | |
Systematic review | 1/13 (7.7%) | |
Content analysis | 1/13 (7.7%) | |
Focal Regions for Data Collection | International | 39/81 (48.1%) |
USA | 32/81 (39.5%) | |
China | 2/81 (2.5%) | |
Denmark | 2/81 (2.5%) | |
France | 1/81 (1.2%) | |
Germany | 1/81 (1.2%) | |
South Korea | 1/81 (1.2%) | |
France | 1/81 (1.2%) | |
Germany | 1/81 (1.2%) | |
Japan | 1/81 (1.2%) | |
UK | 1/81 (1.2%) | |
Funding | None | 26/81 (32.1%) |
Government | 20/81 (24.7%) | |
University | 10/81 (12.3%) | |
Not-for-profit | 6/81 (7.4%) | |
Drug and Device Industry | 2 (2.5%) | |
Not disclosed | 20/81 (24.7%) | |
Author COI | Yes | 32/81 (39.5%) |
No | 39/81 (48.1%) | |
Not disclosed | 9/81 (11.1%) | |