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Table 1 Empirical coverage

From: From 2015 to 2023, eight years of empirical research on research integrity: a scoping review

Coverage

Percentage

Empirical

33.5%

Theoretical

66.5%

  1. Legend. The decision to apply an empirical keyword filter prevented us from directly calculating the ratio of empirical to theoretical studies. However, by conducting an additional search without the empirical filter keywords (“method”, “result”), we were able to estimate the empirical coverage. Detailed calculations can be found in Additional File 3, and the methodology is further explained in Additional file 4
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Research Integrity and Peer Review

ISSN: 2058-8615

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